منابع مشابه
The hydrodynamics of swimming microorganisms
Cell motility in viscous fluids is ubiquitous and affects many biological processes, including reproduction, infection and the marine life ecosystem. Here we review the biophysical and mechanical principles of locomotion at the small scales relevant to cell swimming, tens of micrometers and below. At this scale, inertia is unimportant and the Reynolds number is small. Our emphasis is on the sim...
متن کاملHydrodynamic Phenomena in Suspensions of Swimming Microorganisms
Vast numbers of microorganisms are suspended in temperate aqueous environments. Oceans and rivers, puddles and droplets, the fluid interiors of animals, all host an array of splendidly varied creatures. Although their presence is usually not casua1\y obvious, they constitute the major part of the world's biomass. Their population dynamics-replication and decay, accumulation and dispersal-modula...
متن کاملHydrodynamic phase locking of swimming microorganisms.
Some microorganisms, such as spermatozoa, synchronize their flagella when swimming in close proximity. Using a simplified model (two infinite, parallel, two-dimensional waving sheets), we show that phase locking arises from hydrodynamics forces alone, and has its origin in the front-back asymmetry of the geometry of their flagellar waveform. The time evolution of the phase difference between co...
متن کاملHydrodynamic attraction of swimming microorganisms by surfaces.
Cells swimming in confined environments are attracted by surfaces. We measure the steady-state distribution of smooth-swimming bacteria (Escherichia coli) between two glass plates. In agreement with earlier studies, we find a strong increase of the cell concentration at the boundaries. We demonstrate theoretically that hydrodynamic interactions of the swimming cells with solid surfaces lead to ...
متن کاملPhototactic clustering of swimming microorganisms in a turbulent velocity field.
We study the distribution of swimming microorganisms advected by a two-dimensional smooth turbulent flow and attracted towards a light source through phototaxis. It is shown that particles aggregate along a dynamical attractor with fractal measure whose dimension depends on the strength of the phototaxis. Using an effective diffusion approximation for the flow, we derive an analytic expression ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biophysical Journal
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0006-3495
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.861